HEPATITIS C - THE FACTS

Discovered in 1989, Hepatitis C is a virus which causes inflammation of the liver.

• Hepatitis C can be caught from:
• Blood transfusions (in the UK before 1989 or abroad)
• Needle sharing amongst intravenous drug abusers
• Accidental contact with the blood of an infected carrier
• Tattoos, acupuncture or ear-piercing with non-sterilised equipment.
• Sharing toothbrushes or razor blades which may transmit blood.

The cause of 40% of infections is currently unknown.

On initial infection, the only sign may be a mild flu-like illness.

50% of those infected with hepatitis C fully recover.

In 50%, infection continues (chronic hepatitis).

In 20% of those with chronic hepatitis, infection leads to permanent scarring (cirrhosis) of the liver and often takes 10-30 years to develop.

In cirrhosis, there may be swelling of the abdomen with fluid (ascites), followed by the distension of the blood vessels (varices) around the stomach and oesophagus. This happens because the blood is trying to find a way around the scarred liver. Liver cancer can also develop in patients with cirrhosis.